To the main directions of interdisciplinary development of criminalistics

Abstract

The article describes the trends of interdisciplinary development of criminalistics in two interrelated areas: practical activity and scientific research, using the example of the most relevant research areas of today. The digital direction includes, besides research of digital traces, technologies of detection, fixation, copying, withdrawal and research of other digital data (including web-services, mobile applications, bots, software and firmware of narrow and wide applications), reference information support, digital technologies of analysis of big criminalistic data, technologies of optimization of certain practical actions of an investigator. As examples of cognitive direction of development of criminalistics optimization of intellectual activity of an investigator, use of personal psychological characteristics of the interrogated at interrogations and other verbal investigative actions, a method of criminalistic profiling of personality of the unidentified criminal are mentioned. Optimization of investigative actions is possible using digital methods (drones, proctoring systems, videoconferencing, transcribing protocols) or cognitive methods – modern tools for optimization of thinking, or the mentioned method of profiling. Technology of machine learning and artificial intelligence are considered as a complex direction of criminalistic research, located at the junction of digital and cognitive technologies.